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Signs of Fracture : Pain, Tenderness, Swelling,

 Loss of Power, Deformity

 Do not move the injured unless the life is

endangered from other causes.

 Deal with the haemorrhage and breathing

difficulties. Immobilise the fracture by using

suitable splints.

 Immobilisation should include one joint

above and one joint below the fracture.

 Remove the injured to the hospital.

 Solid – Do not try to remove, scratch or

probe it.

 Insects – Put a few drops of water in the ear

and turn the head so that affected ear points

upwards.

 Keep the head in that position for 5 minutes,

then turn the head downwards so that the

water flows out.

 Arrange immediate medical aid

 The sting bite should be pulled out.

 Apply cold compression.

 Apply vinegar diluted with water.

 Soda-bicarbonate paste should be applied at

the site.

 Prevent shock.

 Send for medial aid immediately. 

 Make the patient sit on a Chair with head

downward.

 Pinch the nose with fingers and thumb.

 Apply ice or cold compression.

 Do not plug the nostrils.

 Do not put water or any medicine through

the nostrils.

 Send for medical aid immediately. 

 Remove the patient from the source

 Clean the airways.

 Restore breathing by artificial respiration.

 Send the patient to the hospital. 

 Immediate washing of the eye with clean

water at least for fifteen minute or longer.

 Apply sterile dressing over the eye.

 Neutralising agents or ointments should not

be used.

 Send the patient to the hospital.

 No time should be lost in sending the patient

to the hospital.

 Keep the patient flat on his back.

 Give nothing by mouth.

 Maintain warmth.

 If intestines protrude from the wound, do not

attempt to touch or replace them.

 Apply sterile dressing and binder on the

wound.

 Provide immediate transportation to the

hospital. 

 Reassure the patient

 Do not allow the person to run or walk

 Apply a ligature above the wound (in

between the heart and the wound) if the bite

is in the leg or hand.

 Wash the wound with potassium

permanganate solution or with soap and

water.

 Allow free bleeding.

 Never suck the blood from the wound.

 Treat for shock.

 Arrange immediate hospitalization, by

transporting the patient in a lying down

position.

 Lay the patient with the head slightly raised.

 Incline the head to the affected side and

apply a dry dressing over the ear with loose

bandage.

 Do not plug the ear.

 Apply pressure in front of the ear.

 Send for medical aid immediately.

 Stop the bleeding, if any.

 Avoid touching the wounds.

 Cover the wound with sterilized cloth.

 Arrange immediate medical aid.

 Find the nature of the poison

 Give universal antidote mixture as given

below to drink:

Charcoal powder - 2 table spoons

Coffee powder - 2 table spoons

Chalk powder - 1 table spoon

Add it to a glass of warm water and mix well.

 Send the patient immediately to the hospital. 

 Immediate washing of the eye with clean

water at least for fifteen minute or longer.

 Apply sterile dressing over the eye.

 Neutralising agents or ointments should not

be used.

 Send the patient to the hospital.

 Fracture of backbone may lead to paralysis

of limbs. Hence, victim should be handled

with great care.

 Transport on a rigid frame, which may be

improvised by using available board.

 The rigid frame is to be placed on a stretcher

for transportation.

 Immediate hospitalization is needed.

 Make the patient lie down.

 Remove all clothings except the underwear.

 Keep the patient under the fan.

 Pour cold water on the body repeatedly.

 Wash the head thoroughly with cold water

and dry it with towel.

 Record body temperature falls up to 38ºC

stop pouring water.

 Give plenty of cold water with a pinch of

common salt in each glass of water to drink.

 Send the patient to the hospital.

 Clean the wound immediately with water.

 Then wash with antiseptic soap and water.

 Do not try to stop bleeding.

 Do not cover the wound.

 Send the patient to hospital for treatment.

 Removal of foreign body should not be

attempted.

 Do not apply oil or ointment.

 Apply sterile pad and loose bandage.

 Send the patient to the hospital.

 Lay the patient on his back.

 Stop bleeding, if any.

 Relieve pain by supporting the injured part.

 Keep the patient comfortable.

 Do not cause sweating.

 Fluids may be given by mouth in small

amounts, if the patient is conscious.

 Reassure the patient.

 Arrange immediate medical aid. 

 Do not touch the casualty while he is still in

contact with electricity.

 Switch off the current at once.

 Do not attempt first aid until the contact has

been broken.

 Make the air passage clear and clean.

 Restore breathing Artificial respiration and

external cardiac massage, if needed.

 Call for immediate medical aid.

 Send the patient to the hospital.